Estimating Safely Managed Sanitation in Urban Areas. Lessons Learned From a Global Implementation of Excreta-Flow Diagrams
- Author:
- Peal, A., Evans, B., Ahilan, S., Ban, R., Blackett, I., Hawkins, P., Schoebitz, L., Scott, R., Sleigh, A., Strande, L., Veses, O.
- Year:
- 2020
- Publisher:
- Frontiers in Environmental Science
This paper describes a methodology for rapid assessment of sanitation in cities including a graphical representation (a shit-flow diagram or SFD) and reports on findings from implementation in 39 cities. The SFD provides high level information for planning purposes covering the entire sanitation system in a city.

