Guidelines for the Safe Use of Urine and Faeces in Ecological Sanitation Systems - EcoSanRes Fact Sheet 5

Ecological sanitation (ecosan) is aimed at closing the nutrient and water cycles. Nutrients from human excreta should be returned to the soil to fertilise crops. Urine is diverted from faeces in eco-toilets, and reused as fertiliser. Faeces potentially contain pathogenic micro-organisms, and need to be sanitized before use as fertiliser.